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An Overview
INDIA is one
of the oldest civilizations in the world with a
kaleidoscopic variety and rich cultural heritage. It has
achieved multifaceted socio-economic progress
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during the last 59 years of
its Independence.India has become self-sufficient in agricultural
production, and is now the tenth industrialized country in the world and
the sixth nation to have gone into outer space to conquer nature
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the benefit
of the people. It covers an area
of 32,87,263 sq km, extending from the snow-covered
Himalayan heights to the tropical rain forests of the
south. As the seventh largest country in the world,
India stands apart from the rest of Asia, marked off as
it is by mountains and the sea, which give the country a
distinct geographical entity. Bounded by the Great
Himalayas in the north, it stretches southwards and at
the Tropic of Cancer, tapers off into the Indian Ocean
between the Bay of Bengal on the east and the Arabian
Sea on the west.
Lying entirely in the northern hemisphere, the mainland
extends between latitudes 8°4' and 37°6' north,
longitudes 68°7' and 97°25' east, and measures about
3,214 km from north to south between the extreme
latitudes and about 2,933 km from east to west between
the extreme longitudes. It has a land frontier of about
15,200 km. The total length of the coastline of the
mainland, Lakshadweep Islands, and the Andaman and
Nicobar Islands is 7,516.6 km.
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